Gustavus adolphus gustavus adolphus entrance into the thirty years war. Jun 06, 2017 researchers catalogue the grisly deaths of soldiers in the thirty years war the 47 bodies were found in a mass grave from the battle of lutzen, one of the turning points in the devastating. Start studying ap euro terms gustavus adolphus james watt. Sep 02, 2019 another episode in our animated historical documentary series on the thirty years war and gustavus adolphus enters the field to fight for the protestant cause. Why exactly is gustavus adolphus considered the father of modern warfare even though he failed in defeating the catholic imperial forces during the 30 years war. Sweden fought against russia in ingria 16111617, against poland in livonia 16171618 and 16211626 and in prussia. Gustavus adolphus saw himself as the protector of protestantism in germany and if north germany was safe then so was sweden. Gustavus adolphus and sweden history learning site. It was the struggle to secure religious liberty,a warfare between catholic and protestant germany. It was a military conflict that took place between 1630 and 1635, during the course of the thirty years war.
Gustavus adolphus entrance into the thirty years war. The history of gustavus adolphus and of the thirty years. Gustavus adolphus attacks the stronghold of alte veste, which is under the command of wallenstein, but is repulsed, marking the first defeat in the thirty years war of the previously invincible swedes. Gars mainly reenacts finnish infantry from savolax infantry regiment during the german campaign of gustavus adolphus of sweden 16301632 but our equipment can mostly be used also in a larger timeframe from the beginning of the livonian war in 1621 to the end of the thirty years war in 1648. Dec 01, 2016 lion of the north gustavus adolphus and the thirty years war. Aug 17, 2016 in the thirty years war i find that both baner and torstensson were at least on gustavus level or very close. Gustavus adolphus and his army i weapons and warfare. Sweden joined the war properly in 1630 and swedish forces remained in germany to the end of the war. The history of gustavus adolphus and of the thirty years war, up to the kings death.
Mar, 2016 gustavus adolphus in the thirty years war was a charismatic commander who led from the front. But the entry of brandenburg into the annals of military victory in 1675 is a funny business in that war. Gustavs life was framed by the 30 years war, and the great king would profoundly alter the status quo of the war when he finally. Swedish intervention in the thirty years war wikipedia. He died at the battle of lutzen on november 6, 1632. His intervention in the thirty years war, at a moment when the armies of the habsburg emperor and the german princes of the catholic league controlled almost the whole of germany, ensured the survival of german protestantism against the onslaughts of the counterreformation.
The englishlanguage military historiography of gustavus. Swedish infantry gustavus adolphus, a key reformer of armed forces in the 17th century, was crowned king of sweden at age 17. The thirty years war was a war fought primarily in central europe between 1618 and 1648. The englishlanguage military historiography of gustavus adolphus in the thirty years war, 1900present jeremy murray with his ascension to the throne in 1611, following the death of his father charles ix, gustavus adolphus began one of the greatest reigns of any swedish sovereign. If his troops were engaged in germany, the undefended homeland would be attacked by poland, or another of swedens unfriendly catholic neighbors. He died at the battle of lutzen on 6 november 1632, a bloody encounter during the thirty years war. Gustavus adolphus revolutionized european warfare investor. Assume this luck continueshe might get wounded, but he can continue his campaigns on the protestant cause in the thirty years war. The swedish invasion of the holy roman empire, or the swedish intervention in the thirty years war is a historically accepted division of the thirty years war. Casualties were overwhelmingly and disproportionately inhabitants of the holy roman empire, most of the rest being battle deaths. Oxenstierna, the swedish chancellor, anxious to preserve swedens hold in germany, supported richelieu. As the thirty years war began to rage through germany, gustavus adolphus wanted to join in the conflict, but he could not do it alone.
Two lectures, isbn 0461741660, isbn 9780461741667, like new used, free shipping in the us. Gustavus adolphus but in 1630, sweden, under the leadership of gustavus adolphus, took the side of the northern protestants and joined the fight, with its army helping to push catholic forces back. The thirty years war was a major conflict that occurred in europe from 1618 to 1648. Gustavus was crowned at age 17 when his father, karl ix, died prematurely in the midst of the bitter war of kalmar with denmark.
Gustavus immediately proved a brilliant organizer, innovator, and. From the time of his birth until his coronation, his upbringing involved many lessons in politics, literature, military science, and physical development, making him. The thirty years war was fought between 1618 and 1648, principally on the territory of todays germany, and involved most of the major european continental powers. A grand sweeping military history of the pike and shot era, with a particular emphasis on the thirty years war in europe 16181648. Gustavus adolphus entrance into the thirty years war britannica. The thirty years war was a 17thcentury religious conflict fought primarily in central europe. The legitimation of swedish intervention in the thirty years war jstor.
Its major belligerents included france, sweden, austria, denmark, and numerous princes of the holy roman empire. What had changed matters was the intervention of sweden and france, from the time of his intervention, gustavus adolphus has. According to the opening narration, krabat 2006 takes place at the time of the thirty years. Gustavus adolphus was the main figure responsible for the success of swedish arms during the thirty years war and led his nation to great prestige. Gustavus adolphus faced big problems when he came to the swedish throne in 1611. The role of sweden in the thirty years war michael fassbender. A history of the art of war from its revival after the middle ages to the end of the spanish succession war classic reprint. Lenhart torstenson comes to mind, he seemed to be in a place of high command at almost every swedish victory postgustavus. Ap euro terms gustavus adolphus james watt flashcards. Whilst the conflict took place mainly in the area of modern day germany, it involved many of the great european powers at that time. Swedish intervention western civilization lumen learning.
He seems to have looked at sweden and figured out if they could make it, so could the brandenburgers, after the 30 yw had rolled over his state a number of times. Lion of the north gustavus adolphus and the thirty years. Gustavus adolphus, king of sweden 1612 who laid the foundations of the modern swedish state and whose intervention and victories in the thirty years war 161848 made it a major european power. If ferdinand was prepared to compromise and drop his ideals for a practical settlement, then clearly it had become a different war. Generals of the 30 years war who rivaled gustavus adolphus. The death of king gustavus adolphus at the battle of lutzen. Queen christina, a 1933 hollywood film starring greta garbo as christina of sweden, daughter of gustavus adolphus, features the late thirty years war as a backdrop. Brothers francesco iv 1612, ferdinando 161226 and vincenzo ii 162627, the last three dukes of mantua from the direct line, had all died leaving no legitimate heirs. Gustavus adolphus thirty years war discerning history. Gustavus adolphus was an accomplished soldier and with the help of catholic france, he freed himself from the war against poland with the treaty of altmark of september 1629. The battle of lutzen occurred on november 16, 1632 during the thirty years war and resulted in a swedish victory though gifted leader king gustavus adolphus was killed in the fighting. More broadly, the duel between swedish and imperial forces has become the defining conflict of the war, with the twelve years that preceded it being relegated to the background.
The whole reign of gustavus adolphus, from 1611, had been time of almost constant war. The thirty years war was a 17thcentury religious conflict fought. His achievements must surely have inspired peter the great to do the same for russia. Gustavus adolphus house of vasa, king gustavus adolphus ii, aristocracy. According to the opening narration, krabat 2006 takes place at the time of the thirty years war, although the movie never gives much evidence of this. During the battle of lutzen, king gustavus adolphus of sweden survives the cavalry charge in which he historically died. Gustavus adolphus, frederick v, ferdinand ii and even a baby louis xiv all make an appearance, so jump into the era now, and remember that we have since picked up. Gustavus adolphus, also called gustav ii adolf, born december 9, 1594, stockholm, swedendied november 6, 1632, lutzen, saxony now in germany, king. Mar 17, 2017 the battle of lutzen occurred on november 16, 1632 during the thirty years war and resulted in a swedish victory though gifted leader king gustavus adolphus was killed in the fighting. In the thirty years war i find that both baner and torstensson were at least on gustavus level or very close. Up until his death at the battle of lutzen in 1632, gustavus had an impressive record of success in.
Why exactly is gustavus adolphus considered the father of. Finnish infantry and 30 years war gustavus adolphus rex sueciae. Its casus belli was the extinction of the direct male line of the house of gonzaga in december 1627. Sep 26, 2017 the thirty years war was a major european war that occurred during the 17th century. Victories and downfall part ii this is the recounting of the dramatic life of the the golden king and the lion of the north gustav adolf, and the swedish empire during stormaktstiden the great power era. The motives prompting his intervention have long been a subject of historical controversy. King gustavus adolphus of sweden declared against the emperor. King gustavus adolphus was a renowned military strategist and charismatic leader. However, when gustavus adolphus was killed in the battle of lutzen in.
His country was poor and sparsely populated, but already the ambitious young lion of midnight that is, of the north intended to enrich it. Cardinal richelieu was also france entered openly into the war in 1635. The plot of the film is set against the backdrop of the war and christinas determination as queen, depicted a decade later, to end the war and bring about peace. Queen christina 1933, a film starring greta garbo, opens with the death of christinas father, king gustavus adolphus, at the battle of lutzen in the thirty years war.
Im reading europes tragedy by wilson at the moment, and i have to say he makes a convincing argument that gustavus wasnt really all that impressive as hes been made out to be. One of the most destructive conflicts in human history, it resulted in eight million fatalities not only from military engagements but also from violence, famine, and plague. It remains one of the longest and most brutal wars in human. King of sweden during the 30 years war, lutheran convinced by the french, danish that they really need a big swedish army to invade europe and that they french and danes will pay for it. Gustav adolphus was known for his ingenuity on the battlefield, but he was a master statesman, administrator, and champion of christian ethics for the period as well. It was a clash between protestants and catholics in germany, which spread into a wider conflict involving denmark, sweden, and france. As gustav ii adolf king gustavus adolphus of sweden waited in werben, germany, johann tserclaes, the count of tilly field marshall of the. The thirty years war, of which gustavus adolphus was the greatest hero, was the result of those religious agitations which the ideas of luther produced. The swedish intervention in the thirty years war, which took place between 1630 and 1635, was a major turning point of the war, often considered to be an independent conflict.
Gustavus adolphus thirty years war as the thirty years war began to rage through germany, gustavus adolphus wanted to join in the conflict, but he could not do it alone. Researchers catalogue the grisly deaths of soldiers in the. Learning valuable lessons in his polish campaigns he brought a new tactical organization and flexibility to the battlefields of the war. I was recently reading a historical fiction that involved the 30 years war called 1632 by somebody with the last name of flint, and i was astounded at how little i knew about one of its most central characters. Gustavus adolphus in the thirty years war was a charismatic. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. The death of king gustavus adolphus at the battle of. The swedish intervention in the thirty years war, when king gustav ii adolf of sweden. Lion of the north gustavus adolphus and the thirty years war. Gustavus adolphusthe king of sweden from 1611 to 1632, credited with. The thirty years war of 16181648 was one of the most destructive wars in european history. The king of sweden, gustav adolph, had been well informed of the war between the catholics and protestants in the holy roman empire for some time, but did not get. Originally published in two volumes, the first covers the life of gustavus adolphus, king of sweden, and known as the lion of the north by his many opponents. However, gustavus was also responsible for many domestic reforms which pushed sweden from being just another baltic state to being the most dominant power in the region.
King gustavus adolphus of sweden arrived too late to save magdeburg, but at breitenfeld he changed the course of the thirty years war and the state of the military art. The other two swedish marshal, carl gustav wrangel and gustav horn, do not compare as well in my opinion. Finnish infantry and 30 years war gustavus adolphus rex. The role of sweden in the thirty years war the brief, brilliant campaigns of gustavus adolphus dominate the history of the thirty years war for many.
A history of the art of war from its revival after the middle ages to the end of the spanish succession war classic reprint dodge, theodore ayrault on. An older generation of historians saw him, as his contemporaries did, simply as the protestant hero, the lion of the north. Gustavus adolphus and his foreign policy is primarily associated with the thirty years war. The thirty years war engulfed europe between 1618 and 1648. Some of adolphus fellow swedes proved to be rather good at running his army after his death. When sweden joined this war in 1630, her forces had not been tried out against what would have been considered major opposition. May 12, 2014 as the thirty years war began to rage through germany, gustavus adolphus wanted to join in the conflict, but he could not do it alone. The book continues past the death of gustavus adolphus and the end of the thirty years war to look at his influence upon the great the book is illustrated with numerous maps and line drawings, although the maps are a bit hard to read at times but sufficient to get an idea of the movements being described. Provoked by ferdinands land grabs and acting out of naked opportunism they intervened in the thirty years war in succession. The englishlanguage military historiography of gustavus adolphus in the thirty years war, 1900present jeremy murray with his ascension to the throne in 1611, following the death of his father charles ix, gustavus adolphus began one of the greatest reigns of. Gustavus immediately proved a brilliant organizer, innovator, and diplomat. King gustav ii adolf of sweden and the 30 years war. The swedish intervention in the thirty years war, when king gustav ii adolf of.
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